| Name | Image | Tradition | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qalun |  | China | Qalun is a hammered dulcimer played by the Uyghurs of southern Xinjiang of China. The player plucks qalun with a bone pick held in the left hand, while the right hand pressing on the string with a bronze key (gustap) to produce quarter tones and ornaments. |
| Quena |  | Andes | The quena (Quechua: qina, or "kena" in English) is the traditional flute of the Andes. Usually made of bamboo, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends. To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between his chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along the axis of the pipe, over an elliptical notch cut into the end. The quenacho (also "kenacho" in English) is a larger, lower-toned version of the quena and made the same way. It is in the key of D, a fifth lower than the quena. |
| Quijada de Burro |  | Peru | The quijada de burro is a dried-out donkeys jawbone that is played like a guiro in Spanish America, especially in Peru. It is used as a shaker by rattling the molars and a percussion instrument by striking the sides with a stick, or beating the bone with one's palm. Afro Peruvian music is commonly performed by duos of Creole guitars, the Cajon, Cajita and the peculiar Quijada de Burro. |
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